Possible errors and inaccuracies can let me know in the comments. When quoting a reference to the articles of the author and the translator is required.
Name of essays speaks for itself. This article is intended to help rolevikov and authors of science fiction and fantasy, zemlepodobny create a world in which people could live and develop in ways familiar to us and the law.
A key component here - it is. akin to the kind of. Worlds that differ significantly from the Earth's interesting, but.
they need more effort and imagination of the author, and I would prefer to develop the story, rather than setting, as such,. People with different preferences can find some stuff.
here and for myself, especially in the sections of Astronomy and Geology.
Introduction, or why I wrote this guide.
This idea came after my long conversations with various people, both online and in real life, about the world that I created for his novel. I came to the conclusion that it is impossible to create a world at random, there are many interacting scientific principles.
You must be careful not to make hasty and error. And yes, if you read these materials are not writers, and rolevikov, the places where I turn to the readers and writers to fully apply to you, because you are modeling other worlds as they.
There is plenty of relevant information on the Internet, but I do not know any source where would include all.
Most written below is based only on my experiences and observations, in my attempts to peacemaking. Maybe someone finds it useless piece of information, and the other in the head will come completely unexpected productive ideas.
I can not say that he knew everything about every subject that touched here;.
sometimes I'm just pointing out that I have some gaps in this area, and for the details needed to turn to more knowledgeable people. To all the comments I am also happy to heed.
Easy way to or from which you can start?.
Robert Stevenson once said that every adventure must begin.
with maps. If you like it, you take a planet similar to that.
Earth in size, composition and density, which revolves around a star like the sun, has the same length of days, you can skip.
math sections of the Astronomy and Geology and start directly from Maps. (mathematical details for this reason are omitted in this translation of an article - translator's note ).
Astronomy of your universe.
sun.
Your planet is likely to be orbiting a sun, which.
has the status of an ordinary star. Although it is tempting to do, for example, a double figure-eight orbit in - the lemniscate, to rotate around the two suns, but such an orbit is not stable. ( from myself I can recommend. article. , Which indirectly affected by the rotation around the theme of several stars, as well as a story by Isaac Asimov '. The arrival of the night. ', Which describes a planet orbiting six stars - a comment. first. ). This orbit will be stable if the conditions are met:.
- Planet of at least five times farther from the two suns;.
- The planet is at least five times as far from one of the suns, while it is remote from the second;.
- These two suns have nearly circular orbit around their center of gravity.
One correspondent mentions that the ' double star systems are characterized by very large fluctuations in temperature and hardly fit for life '. So for convenience, we agree on a single Sun.
solar system.
Now it's time to explore other planets, which revolve around your.
sun. Our own sun than Earth, there are eight: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter,.
Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto, and they appear in the sky like moving stars. There is no apparent limit to the number of planets that you can create a.
around your own sun, but there are restrictions on where they can.
move. In addition, not all of them are well observed at different times of day and year.
moon.
From the perspective of an observer on a planet different from the satellites of the planets.
that they cross the sky is brighter and more.
quickly. Satellites are important, being in some sense tied to the orbit of your Earth, because their power of attraction helps to stabilize the climate. Do not deprive your planet Moon!.
planet. geology.
Approximately 70.8% of the planet's surface is oceans, the remainder of the surface occupied by continents and islands. Gravity on the surface of your planet will affect everything that moves.
on it and around it.
The Earth orbits the Sun makes a complete turn around in about 365.26 days.
( bearing in mind that these data may be needed unless the most meticulous and scientific rolevikov science fiction, I again had to omit such details, which can be found in Wikipedia - a comment. first. ).
The surface of the.
This title Ontos to the proportion of water and land on the surface of the planet. This involves many factors such as climate and culture; Planet.
no water at all, as Frank Herbert's Dune,.
will be a sultry desert. The surface of the planet is filled with water will be too.
be very small and very small continents capabilities of different cultures to promote their ideas (think of Polynesia, for example).
Map, or on what looks like your world.
Map - the most important element in making your.
world, it shows you, as your readers, the location of continents and their natural features, and have settled on them of. Opinions on the freedom to create maps of the world are too different, on the one hand, you can build on what can be explained by the usual laws of the earth, on the other hand - you have the right to explain all their own way, and head and share these natural objects, that without the author's explanations are not . The best compromise - 'You can.
do what you want, as long as it is understandable and believable '.
If you have not already done so, it's time to decide. scale. You to know the size of the area, which card should be. Start with the coast and nearby. islands. If you have them, offshore islands, tend to have similar. shorelines. with a continental location of their formation.
Then draw. mountains and rivers. And do not forget.
that the river is always tekuyut from the mountains to the lowlands, and that most.
River sediments are.
Once you have decided on the form of land and sea, virtually.
everything else on your card dictates the climate.
The climate, or what are you waiting on the weather.
' Climate - what we expect, weather - what we get. '- The proverb.
Climate can be defined as weather conditions experienced by some.
area, averaged over a long period of time, two major factors - rainfall and temperature. These factors affect the growing area in the flora, fauna living in and on the development of human cultures. It is difficult to edakogo southern desert nomad, living in an area with a mild humid climate.
As a reasonable model climate in your world, you can see in my other article -. ' Climate Cookbook '. ( likely to be transferred later - a comment. first. ).
One obvious way through which climate affects your world, this river. The rivers that flow through areas with seasonal rainfall will be much higher during the wet seasons than during dry, the river that runs through the savanna climate, for example, is low in winter and high - in the summer, which leads to the possibility of seasonal flooding. This is what happens to the Blue Nile.
Flora and fauna.
The islands have the same kinds of flora and fauna that coming to them climatic regions, but.
in smaller quantities, and often we can talk about the uniqueness of. absence.
snakes in Ireland, who live on the island of St. Patrick's, due to the fact that snakes could not cross the water to spawn elsewhere. For the same reason the Irish are no woodpeckers on the island of St. Patrick, and such birds as emus and kiwis, generally developed in complete isolation from the rest of the world.
You will not find cactus in the middle of snow-covered mountains.
You also will not find vast coniferous forests in the middle of the desert. The principle here is simple: plants and animals that would have developed in any given area on your planet, will be developed in similar areas of your world.
Like plants, animals adapt to their environment. particularly.
striking example of this is the fox, which usually turns white in winter.
to mask. But he lives in a subarctic climate.
Culture and Civilization.
Individual human culture, as well as local flora and fauna - are formed.
depending on their environment. People's lives in a cold climate it is easy to guess: they should have warm clothes, but because hunting and fur production - an important part of their lives. Conversely, representatives of the desert cultures can make their homes out of materials to reflect the light of the sun and protection from the heat.
Cultures evolve by interacting with other cultures and.
borrowing their ideas and inventions. This implies that people living in isolated areas, such as in mountainous areas or on islands, will not develop at the same rate that the rest. The plains are also easier to conquer and unite into a single.
cultural layer. This explains not only why the mountains serve as natural boundaries, but also why there are only three countries to a greater.
North America, but more than forty states in a much smaller region in Europe.
It is also useful to know about the population of the region depending on its climate. The population density - the number of people in.
this area - depends primarily on soil quality and level of agricultural technology.
As for the language, here is primarily important geographical names and names. The first were composed on the basis of location, history, cultural features, the second - according to your style.
However, remember that each language can be more and dialects.
Original:. http://jc. tech-galaxy. com / bricka / earthlike_planet.
Translation: Dmitry Medvedev, 2011.
When quoting a reference to the articles of the author and the translator is required.
